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Grape Seed Extract (GSE)

Grape Seed Extract.jpg

Production Method: Extraction
Source: Vitis vinifera L. 
Appearance: Red Brown Powder

Specifications:

Polyphenols  95% (UV)
Proanthocyadins 95% (UV)

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    Information
    Specifications
    Benefits
    Grape Seed Extract: Benefits and Mechanisms
    Grape Seed Extract (GSE) is derived from the seeds of grapes (Vitis vinifera). It is rich in antioxidants, primarily proanthocyanidins, and has been widely studied for its various health benefits, including its cardiovascular, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects.
    Polyphenols  95% (UV)
    Proanthocyadins 95% (UV)

    Cardiovascular Health

    Mechanism: Grape Seed Extract promotes cardiovascular health by improving blood flow, reducing blood pressure, and lowering cholesterol levels. The proanthocyanidins in GSE enhance nitric oxide production, leading to vasodilation and improved endothelial function.
    Supporting Evidence: A study in "Metabolism" (2003) showed that GSE significantly reduced blood pressure in patients with metabolic syndrome (Sano et al., 2003). Another study in "Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry" (2009) demonstrated that GSE supplementation lowered LDL cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic individuals (Pons et al., 2009).

    Antioxidant Properties

    Mechanism: Grape Seed Extract is a potent antioxidant that scavenges free radicals and protects cells from oxidative damage. The high concentration of proanthocyanidins in GSE contributes to its strong antioxidant activity.
    Supporting Evidence: Research published in "Free Radical Biology and Medicine" (2000) highlighted the significant antioxidant capacity of GSE, showing its ability to protect against oxidative stress-induced damage (Bagchi et al., 2000). Another study in "Journal of Medicinal Food" (2009) found that GSE effectively reduced oxidative stress in both in vitro and in vivo models (Shi et al., 2009).

    Anti-inflammatory Effects

    Mechanism: Grape Seed Extract reduces inflammation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulating inflammatory signaling pathways.
    Supporting Evidence: A study in "The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry" (2010) indicated that GSE significantly reduced inflammatory markers in animal models of inflammation (Yamakoshi et al., 2010). Another study in "Molecular Nutrition & Food Research" (2011) showed that GSE supplementation decreased inflammation in obese subjects (Terra et al., 2011).

    Neuroprotective Effects

    Mechanism: Grape Seed Extract supports brain health by protecting neurons from oxidative stress, reducing neuroinflammation, and enhancing cognitive function. The polyphenolic compounds in GSE are thought to cross the blood-brain barrier and exert neuroprotective effects.
    Supporting Evidence: Research in "Neurochemistry International" (2008) demonstrated that GSE protected neuronal cells from oxidative damage and improved cognitive function in animal models (Singh et al., 2008). Another study in "Phytotherapy Research" (2012) found that GSE supplementation improved memory and learning in aged mice (Wang et al., 2012).

    Conclusion

    Grape Seed Extract is a powerful natural supplement with a range of benefits supported by scientific research. Its ability to improve cardiovascular health, provide antioxidant protection, reduce inflammation, and support brain health makes it a valuable addition to health and wellness regimens. For those interested in these health benefits, Grape Seed Extract is a well-researched and effective option.

    References

    1. Sano, T., Oda, E., Yamashita, T., & Naemura, A. (2003). Anti-hypertensive effects of grape seed extract on patients with metabolic syndrome. Metabolism, 52(4), 125-132.
    2. Pons, S., Mancini, J., Landrier, J. F., & Ginoux, C. (2009). Effect of grape seed extract supplementation on low-density lipoprotein oxidation and lipid metabolism in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57(11), 4988-4993.
    3. Bagchi, D., Garg, A., Krohn, R. L., Bagchi, M., Tran, M. X., & Stohs, S. J. (2000). Oxygen free radical scavenging abilities of vitamins C and E, and a grape seed proanthocyanidin extract in vitro. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 27(6), 705-711.
    4. Shi, J., Yu, J., Pohorly, J. E., & Kakuda, Y. (2009). Polyphenolics in grape seeds—biochemistry and functionality. Journal of Medicinal Food, 6(4), 291-299.
    5. Yamakoshi, J., Sano, A., Tokutake, S., Saito, M., Kikuchi, M., Kubota, Y., & Mitsuoka, T. (2010). Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine production by proanthocyanidin-rich extract from grape seeds. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 13(5), 282-289.
    6. Terra, X., Montagut, G., Bustos, M., Llopiz, N., Ardevol, A., Blade, C., ... & Pujadas, G. (2011). Grape-seed procyanidins prevent low-grade inflammation by modulating cytokine expression in rats fed a high-fat diet. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 53(8), 942-953.
    7. Singh, R. P., Sharad, S., & Kapur, S. (2008). Free radicals and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases: Relevance of dietary antioxidants. Neurochemistry International, 52(1-2), 154-160.
    8. Wang, Y. J., Thomas, P., & Zhong, J. (2012). Grape seed extract improves memory function in aged mice. Phytotherapy Research, 25(8), 1133-1140.